// LIVE DEMOCRACY & CIVILIZATION OVERVIEW // ***DIRECT DEMOCRACY OF ANCIENT BHARAT ***

The traditional customary of “Majhi-Pargana, Manki-Munda, Sardar-Khutkati, Parha-Proja etc are the social institution of Governance of Jaher-Khond(Nature worshiper) People of “Ancient Bharat” popularly known as “ KHERWALS community. These “Ancient Kherwals Community” functions of the “Social Institution” were recognized under the period of” Princely States of medieval period and also gives the statutes of colonial rule. In post-colonial India these Local self governance (LSG) institutions have also been legally recognized. Beginning from Yule’s Rules 1856, A. W. Cosserat’s Arrangement of 1880, Parganait Reward Fund 1895, Rural Police Regulation 1910, McPherson’s Settlement 1905-12, Gantzer’s Settlement 1922-35, Santal Parganas Enquiry Commission 1937, Santal Civil Rules 1946 and Santal Parganas Tenancy (Supplementary Provisions) Act 1949 of the British times to the Standing Order 14/53-54, PESA 1996 of post-independence period, all have recognized the LSG institutions at village and inter-village level. The emergence of community life in the kherwals marked with evolution of the mechanism to administer and control the social behavior, which took the shape of LSG institutions. The Social-Religion, cultural and ethical issues primarily came under the purview of LSG bodies. Likewise, hundreds of matters concerning the welfare of the community are regulated by LSG bodies even today in every village. In the condition if a person does not follow the norms, custom & tradition of the LSG body warns, checks or punishes approve Grassroots Institutively. Moreover, the Kherwals communities mostly live in resource-rich minerals areas, and the responsibility of management of resources in the village territory grossly lies with LSG body of the village. The LSG institution regulates the use, distribution, sharing, transfer, inheritance and ownership on possibly every type of the resource available in the village. Resources might be the land, water (natural or managed), minerals, fishing, grazing grounds and other like trees, livestock, sacred groves, etc. Under the development phenomenon Inquiry into Local Self-Governance in “Santal Parganas, Chhotnagpur & Kolhan” region of central India designated these people as “Tribe” by colonial ruler. During the time of uprising of others modern Indians on the basis of “Socio-Culture & Linguistically” similarity these people were demanded for separate state identity in the Name of “JHARKHAND” with Santali Language by modern developed “Indict script – OLCHIKI” which was developed by Modern Linguistic, Literaturist & Dramatist Poindit Raghunath Murmu since 1925. On political side genius leader Jaipal Singh Munda & Sunaram Soren were pioneering the movement from present south Jharkhand with its HQ at Karandi(Tata Nagar). On the contrary the modern political thinkers denied the creation of Jharkhand state and inclusion of Santali Language in scheduled VIII in spite of so many commission and agitations than these regions were conserved with scheduled Area.

It was the colonial rulers who first timely altered the TSG system in Santal Parganas and other regions fixed the village council officials for serving their interests of rent collection and general administration. However, instead of replacing the local governance system with alien one, they wisely used the existed system by allocating additional powers/ resources to the village council officials especially Manjhi and parganaits, Sardar, Manki, Munda etc. Therefore, the functions of village officials were also expanded Rent collection, thus, were one of some duties and powers the colonial rulers infused into LSG institutions. In post independence period, Panchayat Sysytem of Governance (PSG) was formed throughout the country as a means of strengthening the village level democratic institutions and as a part of the dream of “Gram Swaraj”. It had provisions of direct elections of “Mukhia & Sarpanch”. They were expected to handle different activities like village disputes, village development work, maintaining relationship with government officials, and so on. But, on the behest of imposition of statutory LSG’s in the tribal regions, it had many adverse impacts on the LSG system, it’s resulted the outcome of rampart corruptions and Social Institutional Pollution of LSG. The colonizing alien “Panchayat” turned out to be a centre for political manipulation, rivalry and competition in the villages that accelerated weakening of village councils and degradation of ecology, simultaneously. The present politics affected badly over the Local Self Governance of “Ancient Kherwals Community” of Modern Bharat presently resided largely over the region of Jharkhand, West-Bengal, Odisha state etc and become the center of “CORRUPTION”.

By                                                                               

Thakur Lachhaman Murmu

SAT +SAINT= SANT, SAT+HOR =SARI-HOR @ SANT+AL= *** SANTAL ***

                        ABOUT OLCHIKI SCRIPT AND SANTALI LANGUAGE
                                "JAHER-KHOND PEOPLE & JHARKHONDI"
In the eve of uprising of other modern Indians on the basis of socio-cultural & linguitical similarity the invention of modern Kherwal script knopwn as " Muj-Dandhi" was done by Sadhu Ramchand Murmu for the development of Santali, Language, Literature and identity of socio-religious Culture on the first quarter of twentieth century. Subsequently the modern "Olchiki" script was developed by Pandit Raghunath Murmu from the same script which was popularly accepted on the principle of "Identity of self rather than imitation". The modern "OLCHIKI" script has six vowels i.e. a, aa, i, u, e, o duly derived from the decay, ruined and present existence of the earth (nature) and civilization with 5 diacritic known as checked consonant. It is a unique modern developed Indic script which has both capitals and small letters altogether formed the thirty scripts with some usages (Tudagh). There after the short hand concept was composed by Pruthunath Murmu to strengthen the Olchiki concept. The formative style of each script proves the nature shape, where as the composition of seven days compare with the nature and are the identity of Nature worshiper community or linguistics groups like Devnagiri script. The general linguistic terms of General Mathematics, syntax/Morphology, Phonology/Phonetics and Semantics/Pragmatics has been written in his published book "RONOR, ELKHA & PARSI POHA". Pondit Murmu, arrange the Day, Date, Week, Month, Year etc in his calendar GODDET as per lunar clips(Lunar year) and accepted unanimously by the Kherwal Community at All India Conference held at Bed-Kundri"(WB) in the month of Feb 1977.In the years 1947-48 Mr Pruthinath Murmu of Tanki tolah Baripodah,was appointed as translator/interpreter and works as stenographer in Mayurbhanj Assembly for Santali Language speaking MLA's at that time he felt the necessary for use of SANTALI short hand than he developed the Santali short hand by OLCHIKI script.

As regards languages the santali language in India is existing since very remote past having its rich traditional literature and culture value. In modern age it has full filled by the Olchiki script for the modern identity like others modern Indians people of the country. The santali is also a spoken dialect survives in the teeth and myth of many adversaries in the country. In modern Bharrat this languages acquire a valuable position of one of the most progressive rich traditional literature of the country. In modern age it was firstly rendered in writing and developed by roman script since 1875-85 by some literary loving western people. There after it was replaced by olchiki scripts not only for language-literature but also for socio-religious and culture identity of the Kherwal community (i.e. santhal, Ho, Munda, Mahale, Bhumij). The santali as a language possess every characteristic of its own, it has well night grammar, having a numbers of affixes, tense, moods and usages with calendar "Jug-Sombot-5000" calculated both lunar and sun years covering all the common necessities of day to day life of the people refereed to. It has got it own pronouns, numerical and syntactical structure which forms the characteristic of a full fledged language. The use of olchiki for santali language is the essence of modern identity, Academic life and cultural pride like any other developed script of the country and world.

So far as literature is concerned santali is very rich in its folk's literature, which includes folk songs, folk tales, proverb, riddles and so on. Now after the inclusion of language in VIII scheduled of the constitution from its fifty years of long deprivation by central government the elementary education should be start immediate for eradication of illiteracy and facilitate academic life of the people. As a result of which the written literature in the forms of poems, short stories, essays, drama, novels etc will grown up well and growing up every day. But alas no positive action till date has been taken by the central or state government and still the state governments of Jharkhand, Odisha,West-Bengal etc are engage in promoting as tribal language which resulted the entire deprivation of linguistic people in equivalent to other scheduled languages. On the other side it's facilitate them to keeping the " Kherwal Community" people in more edge and spreading of the corruption culture over the region by others in the name of developements.

It is obvious that after creation of Jharkhand & Chhatisgargh state and inclusion of Santali language in the scheduled VIII of the constitution great expectation in terms of raising the standard of living up grading the quality, equity and equality of social justice will raise by these peoples. It is also fully mandate and envisages in the constitution but it is not understood the created Jharkhand state is meant for whom and why? Who are Banabasi and who are Adibasi?. It is the time to strike together for development of modern and prosperous state and country under the modern constitutional set up. In this new era we should identify those elements who are engage in defacing the ancient Indians culture and literature in the name of "Cultural and National integration thought" under the guise of development. The modern thinkers should learn the meaning of ADIBASI "A" denotes for ADDI (beginning),"D" for Developed, "I" for Ideal, "B" for Bravery, "A" for And, "S" for Social & "I" for Inhabitants. These peoples are presently known as "ADIBASI" in the present modern age they are neither BANABASI nor Girijon. Is not it in the name of development & researh the socio- culture, language, script, etc of "Kherwal community" or santali linguistic people have been kept in the edge? It also presently seems that some modern Indians are became more and more intolerant towards them and again try to convert in to "Chritianity & Hinduism" under the guise of " Educational " developments.

According to modern new era we should change our thought, instead of engage in denouncing and defacing each others culture custom and tradition every body should concentrate the work on "Literature & Culture" sovereignty of modern Bharat. .In this new era of 21st century we should make out the Bharatiya calendar & financial from among the recognized languages and calculation. It will bring the complete meaning of BHARAT VARSH.As per the constitution Hindi is a National language, SAKA-ERA is national calendar " Chait" is the beginning month but it has not clarify whether it is beginning of calendar or financial month. Hence the English calendar and financial year has been accepted in day to day official works after the implementation of the constitution. Now after the inclusion of Santali in the scheduled languages and as per calculation of Santali "Magh" is a beginning month and " Push" is the ending month, so I suggest "Magh to Push" should be the Calendar year and "Chait to Baisakh" should be the financial years. It will bring not only the modern literature and cultural sovereignty but also crate the identity as "BHARATIYA" instead of "Hindustani". Is not it we have mortgage our language, literature and under the colonial emperor even after sixty years of Indians Independence and drugging us towards more corrupt than British ???.

Written By:

Thakur Lachhaman Murmu@addisirjon

Rapaj Boma Kisku@ Koenda

About Olchiki Script & Santali Language , "JAHER-KHOND PEOPLE & JHARKHANDI"

About Olchiki Script & Santali Language , "JAHER-KHOND PEOPLE & JHARKHANDI"

Informative & Educative table of Secularism ethos of " JAHER-KHOND "People

SECULARISTIC ETHOS OF JAHER-KHOND PEOPLE,  SOCI

RELEGIOUS & CULTURE HERITAGE :

The glimpses of socio-Religious and cultural heritage of ancient “Kherwal’s Community” of India can very well be known from their orthodox believes what they traditionally observe since long from generation to generation every where. The great modern thinkers, philosopher’s and ideologist like Baba Bhagirath Hansdah, Koleyan Guru@kole, Sadhu Ramchand Murmu, Pondit Raghunath Murmu and so others  always try to reflect in many ways by means of their modern language, literature and culture activity from the very beginning of 18^th, 19^th & 2oth century. But it‘s most unfortunates that their noble thought buried under the heap of dogmatic thought of the community in large way and deliberate suppression by the intruders over the region, which resulted the unawareness of progressive modern generations of the India &  worlds. Also it can’t be ignored that taking the advantage of sincerity, truthfulness, obediency etc of the people’s designated as “Innocent” residing over the rich minerals area of the country since long and their  socio-economic has been exploited in mass way in the name of “social & educational” developments treating as “Backward Class”.

The comparison table of orthodox believes has been enumerated below:

  

Chando Nutum Month Name	Kherwal Orthodoxy Religious believes of Kherwal’s	Kherwal Sub-community	Month wise culture dance	Others Religious occasion
MAAGH Jan-Feb	Pahilu Magh, Santali New Year, Magh Sim	Santhal,Ho, Mahale,Munda, Kunbi etc	Dahar, Mage etc	Saraswati Pujja, Idd
FAAGUN Feb-March	Baha & Bhujni	Do	Baha, Bao, Jadur etc	Shib Ratri & Easter
CHAIT March-April	Shendra & Patta Bonga	Do	Patta, Herrowh	Mahaveer Jayanti & Mohhorum
BAISAKH April & May	Abgge & Jom sim	Do	Patta, Herrow, Jhumur	Sib-Gajon Baisakhi Budhpurnima
JHENT May- June	Kheral Magh-More	Do	Dhongel	Gonga Dosohara
ASADH June-July	Arr-Sidh & Asaria	Do	Rinja	Rath Jatra
SAAN July-Agust	Sima, Monsa Bonga Hariar Jantal	Do	Karam	Monsa Pujja Rakhi
BHADOR Agust-Sept	Indi-Jantal Karam/Korma	Do	Jom Nama	Ganesh & Biskarma
DASAING Sept-Oct	Dissom Thakran (Divi & Durga) Magh-more	Do	Dasaing	Durga  & Laxmi Pujja
SOHORAY Oct-Nov	Got Bonga, & Gobordhan Pujja	Do	Danata	Kali & Chhot Pujja
AGHAN Nov-Dec	Runda Sakrat Dosson, Mora Karam	Do	Dong	Guru Nanak Jayanti, Ras-Purnima Sobebarat
PUSH Dec-Jan	Lebra-Sohoray Mag-Mass Sakrat Akhan	Do	Sohoray Lagne, Mage	Xmass Mokor Sankranti

 

Courtesy:

Thakur Lachhaman Murmu@addisirjon Founder of Santali Philosopher’s Women’s & Boy’s Federation & composure of Jug-Sombot-5000 in Santali calculated as per Sun years in the eve of New-Millenium, the lunar calculation was done by Pondit Raghunath Murmu since 1925 during the time of composition of modern Santali (Kherwal) script known as OLCHIKI-PARSI.

TOP+OL=TOPOL, MONE+JIWI=MONEY(MIND) JIWI(LIFE)=MONEYJIWI

JUG-SOMBOT-5112 ( In English-2011) IN SANTALI CALCULATED AS PER SUN YEAR

HISTORY OF ORGANIZATION OF SANTALI (KHERWAL's)

                  <<< SANTALI LANGUAGE, LITERATURE & CULTURE  >>>

   The development of Traditional Santali language and literature was started from the very beginning of British Rule (East India Company) since 1870-75 over the region by some literary loving British prominate among them were L.O.Skerfsurd, P.O.Bodding, Campbell etc in a Roman script after written down the mythology of santhal from one famous santal/hor Guru Known as "Kaleyan Guru". Though they have contributed lot for the development of modern Santali language and literature by establishing the press at Benagaria for popularizing the works over the linguistic concentration area of north Eastern Region, So many drama, folk tale, Santali dictionary etc were written during the period and enrich the traditional literature, prior to that the language and cultures of Santali people known as "Kherwal Community" were hoarded on teeth and myth from generation to generation. No doubt that the Santali or Hor language is an ancient "dialect/ language" of the country world language and culture said to have been influence and base from this language as per the scholars and researchers. The Indo-European & Dravidian language, literature and Culture of modern Bharat bias towards this language, literature and culture in large extend after Independence. It can be said that santhali language and literature is pre-Aryan literature highly developed traditional modern literature and rich  cultural heritage of pre-baidic (Beidin)  age  presently designated as  Austro-Asiatic groups of  language by the scholars.

   The further invention of distinct modern  indict script for the development of traditional modern Santali language, literature and culture was done during the period of development of others modern Indians language, script or culture for the shake of modern literature & culture identity of Jaher-Khand people i.e., nature worshiper groups of Kherwal community.  The  pioneers  of modern Santali " Language,literature & Culture" by invention and developing    a   distinct modern indict Script known as "Ol-Chiki Parsi" in the first quarter of 20th century which has both capital & small letter.  Subsequently the "short hand" concept of Olchiki was composed and developed  by one Pruthunath Murmu of Tanki Sahi Baripoda for strengthen the Olchiki concept.

   Only to  spreading   the "Modern Santali language, literature and Culture"   the following books were written  and  published for popularizing over the linguistics concentration area of Odisha, Bihar, west-Bengal, Assam etc since from 1920 by Sadhu Ramchand Murmu, Pondit Raghunath Murmu,  Pruthunath Murmu etc and try to start the elementary education to the people in large scale under the banner of organization known as "Saonta = means Society, Seched=means Education, Lacture=means Literature & Semlled =means Association  was formed  from Rairangpur since 1941 now existed as dumps.

   The list of Books written and published during the periods:

 v                 KHERWAL BONSHAW DHARAM PUTHI                     :    1920

v                 LITA GOODET                                                            :    1925

 v                 HITAL (Evaluation of Earth & human being)              :    1930

 v                 BAKHENL (Mantra in Santali)                                    :    1935

 v                 HOL-SERENG (Santali Song)                                      :    1936

 v                 OL-CHEMED     (Formative style  of Olchiki)              :    1941

 v                  PARSI-POHA (Combination of Script)                       :  1948

 v                  OL-UPRUM  (Recognition of Script)                               :   1953

 v              LACTURE SERENG (Religious Song)                            :   1963

 v                           ELKHA   (Math in Santali)                                   :   1966

 v                       RAG-ANDOL (Religious Bhojaon in Santali             :    1970

 v                   RONOL   (Grammar in Santali literature)                        :   1974

 v                    BIDU-CHANDAN (Literary Drama)                              :    1930

 v                       DALEGE-DHON (Health is Wealth- Drama)            :    1935

 v                             KHERWAL-BIR (Patriotic Historical Drama)              :    1940

 v                      SIDO-KANHU    (Patriotic Drama)                                :    1946

 v                                 SANTALI    SHORT HAND                                     :    1960

 v                                EVOLUTION OF OLCHIKI                                          :    1962

 v                     HOR HOPON KORIN CHANDO-BONGA                               :    1965

   During their  working period over modern santali language, literature and traditional  culture Pandit Murmu has published the calendar "GOODET' where he has  arranged   "Maha & Mahit"(Day's & Date)  calculated as per the lunar clips to get the  religious identity of the "JAHER-KHOND" people in a modern way like the others religious community in modern era under   SARNAISM groups. His noble deed over modern santali language, literature and culture pointed towards the principle of   "identity of self rather than imitation". In a totalitarian sense it can be said that according to them  modern  society can only be developed and changed  when education will imposed to it by mother tongue  and cultural identity can only be achieved when its literature became developed   with  own script.   On the whole it is seen from their literary works reflected through poems in many ways that they were try to educate the linguistic people as well as warn the political leaders of the community and country during the period of partition of India as well as about the intentional suppression of modern Santali language, script & culture in a plan way by the British and modern thinkers. This historical path breaking not only gave them confidence for the development of modern Santali language and literature but also facilitate proper expression of their language written as it was not at all possible by any of the available script of modern Bharat.

   PRE INDEPENDENCE SCENARIO OF MODERN INDIANS CABINET          MISSION PLAN & IGNORING OF "SARNAISM" RELIGIOUS PEOPLES:

During the pre-independence era and as proposed by the British to give the political dead lock to Indians after Second World War  the three members committee of British Cabinet were sent under "Cabinet Mission plan" in the year 1946. They were Lord Pathic Lowerence, Sir Stafford Cripps and Mr. Alexander when they recognized only three main communities in India i.e. General, Muslim & Sikh. But the Sarnaism Religious Community of Santali linguistic groups whose culture relates with Jaher, Jahira,Disauli etc and were demanded the separate state identity in the name of  Jharkhand comprising of  Chhatanagpur & Santal Parganna Commissioner were denied.  It was either deliberately ignored by them taking the plea as Algao-Bad or kept within General category reason best known to them. On the other hand in the constitutional drafting committee appointed under the chairmanship of Dr. B.R.Ambedkar these Sarnaism groups of peoples were not even included as representative of religious community or minority.  Whereas the following religious minorities were kept as a representative in the constitutional drafting committee: From Sikh i) Hukum Singh & ii) Ujjal Singh, From Parsi i) Hami Modi & ii) R.K.Sidwa, From Indian Muslim i) Md.Sadaullah & ii) Jafar Immam, From Christian: John Mathai & ii) Joseph D souza, From Anglo Indian i) Frank Anthany & ii) SH Petter than the drafting committee submitted and published their drafted constitution  report on 26th Feb 1948.  Since the "Sarna" religious community were ignored during the period presuming the divide and rule policies over the people were imposed by the commission and the linguistics area were divided within Orissa & West-Bengal state under Merger Act. It was strongly opposed from Jharkhand political leaders leaded by Jaipal singh and Mr. Sunaram Soren on 1st January at Rajkhursuang and 6th feb 1949 at Rairangpur Orissa an great public meeting was called by them for re-inclusion of area with Chatnagpur Santal Pargana commissionaire as the people language literature and culture were having the separate identity like others modern spoken peoples and have demanded the separate identity in the name of "Jharkhand State". But all the gathering was dispersed by using the military oppression taking the view as Algao-Bad people as Algao-Badi. Is not it the innocent unarmed people of Santali were massacres during the period in the name of Algao-Badi ?  than Mr.Sunaram Soren and Jaipal Singh were taken to New-Delhi as per the order of Pandit Jabahar Lal Nehru. Where they  were  advised to consult with the Chairman of Constitutional   drafting committee Dr,B.R.Ambedkar , there after the drafted and published constitution was  revised  and these people have been  defined within "Backward Class"(Social & Educational) for the advancement in service, Politics, Education etc may be Art. 15(4), 16(4) 46, 338,340, 341(1) (2) 342(1) (2) &334 have been inserted and the reservation will seized after every 10 years from the date of commencement of the constitution. It was the "Red Letter Day" in the wake of freedom of modern Santali linguistic people who were fighting against the Bristh Rule over the region for more than 100 years i.e. from 1784 to 1900 under the leadership of Baba Tilka Majhi, Sido-Kanhu, Birsha Munda etc. Than finally the constitution was enacted and adopted by the constituent Assembly on 26th Nov.1949 and came in to force on 26th Jan-1950 and the "Backwards Class commission" started working since 10th September 1950 only to sub- categories these people in to a "Sub- Caste" known as Santhal, Ho,Munda, Mahale, Orang etc  in the state of Bihar, Odisha and WB, where as dumped peoples in Assam  have not been defined in any class and kept as General categories. Now the caste base thinkers of modern Bharat argued that the reservation is base on caste basis as per the modern constitution.

       DEMAND OF JHARKHAND STATE BASING ON SOCIO, CULTURAL & LINGUISTICALLY SIMILARITY AND SOVEREIGHNTY IGNORING THE INCLUSION OF SANTALI LANGUAGE IN VIII SCHEDULED BY CONSTITUTIONAL DRAFTING COMMITTEE ON THE 14TH DAY OF  SEPTEMBER 1949:

 During the time of creation of Modern Indians state on the basis of socio-cultural and linguistically similarity the sovereignty in the name of JHARKHAND was demanded by these people under the leadership of late Sunaram Soren and Jaipal Singh Munda. But the said demand was ignored and the present linguistic area was included with the Orissa state under Merger Act in the year 1949 arguing that the demand of Jharkhond is an ALGAO-BAD & their literature is also ALGAO-BADI. It has evident from the incident of GUNDURIA Massac of 6thfeb 1949 near Rairangpur called by Sunaram Soren  and Raj Khursuang massac of Jaipal Sing near Chakardharpur  of 1st Jan-1949.

             Onthe 14th day of Sept.1949 theConstituent Assembly of Drafting Committee were debated over the issue of modern Indians languages under the president ship of Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru called by Dr.B.R.Ambedkar and 14+1= 15 languages were initially included in the scheduled VIII of the constitution out of which 13 language recognized as state language in the linguistics' sovereignty state. As regards to Santali linguistic people in spite of richness of santali literature both modern and traditional with its own modern distinct script   the inclusion of "Santali" language was ignored by the Constituent Assembly and the socio-culture, script olchiki were kept under object of research.  May it's be due to the  formative style of script   as the formative style of "OLCHIKI PARSI" (script) proves the nature shape duly compare with the nature, having both Capitals & Small letters as well as its "Short Hand".  This historic path breaking and invention of "Olchiki Parsi"   is not fully deciphered from the script found from the excavation of Mahenjodara and Harrapan civilizations. It is  also  inspire and instill a sense of confidence amongst the "Kherwal Community"of Santali  linguistic people of Jharkhand, Orissa, Bengal, Assam etc for the development of modern Santali language, literature and Culture which will bring the literature and culture sovereignty of ancient and modern Bharat. How ever they have able to developed their modern and traditional rich "language & literature" like others modern Indians on the basis of socio, cultural and linguistically similarity in spite of kept them deliberately in the edge by infringing the constitutional norms. So many commissions including the Motilal Nehru Commission, Dhar Commission, JVP Commission, and State Re-Organization Commission again Linguistic Commission were set-up from 1925 to 1953 by Congress and government. But all the commission too denied the creation of Jharkhand state, rather the Linguistic Commission argued that these people do not have any common language to be used for all. Also it can't be ignored that all these act of suppression and depression to these linguistic  kherwal community is nothing but an improper patronization by their intellectuals it couse the  incomplete knowledge of others over Modern Santali Language, script, and culture invented and propagated for the shake of Traditional &  modern identity.

Courtesy:

 Thakur Lachhaman Murmu & Rapaj Boma Kisku@ Koenda